Professor Cohen noted that 20 years ago, in 1997, President Bill Clinton made the decision to expand NATO eastward. That same year, in order to placate post-Soviet Russia, then weak and heralded in Washington as America’s “strategic friend and partner,” the Russian-NATO Founding Act was adopted. It promised that expansion would entail no “permanent stationing of substantial combat forces.” Cohen took the occasion of the anniversary year (2017) to ask whether NATO’s eastward expansion has created more insecurity than provide the security it promised.